Emperor Penguin :: essays research papers

http//www.gdargaud.net//Antartica/Penguins.htmlemperor mothHow did you find/choose this site? -I simply did some browsing, which led me to this exceptional site.1. Summarize what you found at this site and how the info relates?-This site included two types of penguins. The Adelie and the Emperor Penguins. The Emperor which, is mentioned in our book, can weigh as much as 20 to 45 kg. These animals argon graceful swimmers and show great agility under the water. They are found in the Southern Hemisphere. Their diets consist of squid and fish. (below is a picture of an Emperor adult, and its young).2. List 3 specific things.-Biology-Arrival AprilEgg Laying MayHatching July 62-66 days of incubationDeparture of chicks December and JanuaryFood squid and fishhttp//www.gdargaud.net//Antartica/Penguins.htmlEmperor-Below is a picture of 2 Emperor Penguins submerged under water.-As I mentioned before, penguins are very graceful swimmers. Another added advantage to this is that they can submerg e below water for certain amounts of time. Penguins can swim at an average speed of 60km/h and their average duration under water can be anywhere from 5 to 6 minutes.3. Based on what you have learned in this course, how accurate is this information?-I believe it is very reliable. I compared it to what was said in our text and it stood up very well, granted this site goes more in depth upon this subject than our text. But it still manages to speak about the Emperor Penguin which are book informs us on.4. Consider the authors of this website their qualifications to write about this subject. How reliable is this source?-Very reliable. These men and women spend their whole life studying and analyzing different marine animals, and so forth One also must realize, that they are only human. So something overlooked by one team of explorers, could easily be spotted by another(prenominal) person or team. But overall, it is exceptional, especially for those who have no-type of knowledge about t he Emperor Penguin.http//www.gdargaud.net//Antartica/Penguins.html5(part1) Overall, how useful was this site in helping you learn about oceanography? What was most useful?-Overall, not too much at all.

Momma Lowrider: Sandra Teran of Dukes Car Club :: Essays Papers

Momma Lowrider Sandra Teran of Dukes Car ClubOn Easter Sunday of last year, the sound of gunfire, then police sirens, interrupted the music booming from the cars on South Sixth Avenue. Three pile died and six were injured in two separate shootings that occurred within an hour of each other on the road crowded with cars and people (Stauffer). This event reinforced the way the public often views cruisers as violent juveniles or gang-bangers engaging in a dangerous, vain activity. The force-out of Easter Sunday, however, does not typify cruising or cruisers. Cruising - and the intense work that goes into making a car, especially a lowrider, truly cruise-worthy - offers an alternative to violence and gangs. Often, a car club helps with the work of customizing a ride, giving the owner advice on how to get the look of the car just right. Dukes Car Club has been one of the most everyday and visible car clubs in Tucson since it was founded forty years ago (Teran 10/8/01). Sandra Teran, a member of Dukes Car Club, represents an aspect of cruising and car clubs that few people are aware of family involvement and community pride. When it comes to cruising, lowriders star in the show, and have for the last thirty years. Lowrider signifies any automobile, from trucks to cars to motorcycles, customized to ride low to the ground. The asphalt-scraping suspension isnt the only renewal the cars often sport elaborate rouge jobs, expensive wire rimmed wheels, plush upholstery, and tough hydraulics systems. The cars owners, also called lowriders, display their cars by cruising slowly mass the street or exhibiting them at car shows. Despite the time and money put into a lowrider, lowriding is not just about the cars. It is also about family and community, as Sandra Teran explained to me when I interviewed her. Sandra is prominent in the lowriding community, and driving up to her home I could see why. Three classic luxury cars sat in the driveways, their meticulous paint glea ming. The love for all things classic extends to the inside of her home two jukeboxes stand by the front door and a photo of one of her sons wearing a zoot suit hangs on the wall. I arrived a few minutes early for our interview, and Sandra had gone to pick up one of her grandchildren, so I sat and waited.

Reading Moby-Dick as Ethnic Allegory Essay -- Moby Dick Melville Paper

Reading Moby-Dick as Ethnic Allegory At a time when images of the white settler conquering the savage frontier were prevalent in antebellum America, depictions of racial polarization and, alternately, co-existence among different ethnical groups had already begun to rise expression in various artistic mediums, from painting to literature. Today more than ever, such(prenominal) works continue to elicit critical re-examinations where race relations, colonization, and literary commission are concerned. While many literary and cultural critics have proposed allegorical readings of political and religious natures, Herman Melvilles Moby-Dick can also be read relatedly as an ethnic allegory, where particular scenes and images representing death or destruction illustrate Melvilles uneasiness with how white expansionist attitudes are enacted often in tension with or at the set down of different ethnic peoples living within Americas geographic borders. For these purposes, I would like speci fically to examine Melvilles rather unconventional portrayal of a non-white character such as Queequeg. The correlation between his anticipated and ultimate death and the calamitous demise of the Pequod , as a space which rearranges traditional structures of hierarchy and accomodates ethnic diversity, in the end, demonstrates Melvilles indecisive anxiety between an imagined fantasy of an alternative social reality and the historical reality of American westward expansionism. First, allow me to be clear At a simplified level, I call this an ethnic allegory because Moby-Dick both illustrates and confronts the ways in which white America expresses a desire for hegemonic control, symbolized in Ahabs unpitying quest for the white whale, at the same ti... ...Works Cited Berkhofer, Robert F. The White Mans Indian Images of the American Indian from Columbus to the Present. New York Vintage Books, 1979. Brodhead, Richard H. Trying All Things An base to Moby-Dick. New Essays on Moby-Dick or , The Whale. ed. Richard H. Brodhead. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1986. Duban, James. Melvilles Major Fiction Politics, Theology, and Imagination. Dekalb Northern Illinois UP, 1983. McIntosh, James. The Mariners Multiple Quest. New Essays on Moby-Dick or, the Whale. ed. Richard H. Brodhead. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1986. Melville, Herman. Moby-Dick. New York Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc., 1964. Yarborough, Richard. Strategies of Black Characterization in Uncle Toms Cabin and the Early black Novel. New Essays on Uncle Toms Cabin. ed. Eric Sundquist. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1986.

Catcher In The Rye Essay -- essays research papers

Innocence, Compassion, and some Crazy Cliff A novel, which has gained literary recognition creative activitywide, interrogation to the point of censorship and has established a following among adolescents, The catcher in the Rye is in its entirety a unique connotation of the preservation of purity and the pursuit of compassion. With certain elegance the writer J.D. Salinger, substantiates the growth and perils, which lie mingled with childhood and adulthood. Embellishing the differentiation between innocence and squalor in the grasps of society. The bridge that lies between these contrasting themes are personified through the novels protagonist, Holden Caul-field and his visualization of a cliff, which depicts a dividing point between the evident beginning and end. The connection, which binds this gap in reality, was do clear through a new found compassion, consummating Holdens place in society through the realization of his surroundings from which he successfully crosses over . concentrate on the rebellious and confused actuality of adolescents stuck between the innocence of childhood and the corruptness of the adult world, this novel strikes a cord, which most adolescents can relate. The essence of the story The backstop in the Rye follows the forty-eight hour escapade of sixteen-year-old Holden Caulfield, told through first person narration. After his expulsion from Pency, a fashionable prep school, the lat-est in a long line of expulsions, Holden has a few confrontations with his fellow students and leaves shortly after to return to his hometown, New York City. In the heart of New York City, Holden spends the following two eld hiding out to rest before confronting his parents with the news. During his adventures in the city he tries to renew some old acquaintances, find his significance in the adult world, and sustain to grips with the head-aches he has been having lately. Eventually, Holden sneaks home to visit his sister Phoebe, because alone on the streets he feels as if he has no where else to turn. Children are the only people with whom Holden can overhaul with throughout the novel, not because they can help him with his growing pains but because they remind him of a simpler time (his inno-cence), which he wishes he could return. The trials of the adult world cave in down Holdens vision of a place in society, portraying innocence as a form of retreat from a confusin... ..., Salin-ger began publishing once again and featured his stories in the Saturday Evening Post and Colliers. By 1951, Salinger has established his reputation exclusively in The New Yorker and the popularity of his work was emerging among college students. And so, he re-leased The Catcher in the Rye, after working on and off on it for ten years. Although it was not an immediate hit it did give Salinger an increasing critical praise and respect. Eventually, as critical acclaim grew, the letters, autograph seekers, and interview-ers began hunting him do wn and so he became annoyed and moved to Cornish, New Hampshire, where he has lived ever since. While secluding himself from the rest of the world Salinger began work on Nine Stories, which includes a number of create short stories and introduces the Glass family, the central figures of his later works. Nine Sto-ries was published in 1953, after which Salinger published four lengthy short stories about the problems of the extremely bright and overly sensitive children of the Glass family. The books in this short story collection include Franny and Zooey (1961), and lambaste High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour An Introduction (1963).

Effects Terrorism has on our Nation Essay example -- essays research p

Effects terrorism has on our NationPurpose To inform readers of the effects the recent terrorist attacks have on high society today.Audience GeneralThesis The terrorist attack on the States has affected the economy, tourism and the foreign society tremendously.The Effects Terrorism has on SocietyFrom the lips of the FBI, Terrorism is the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a goernment, the civilian population, or any share thereof, in furtherance of political or social objective. On September 11, 2001 the United States of America experienced such actions, it was the largest terror attack experienced by any country. The affect this had on America was tremendous, thousands are dead and tens of thousand of Americans in our country know someone who was killed or injured. The terrorist attack on America has affected the economy, tourism and foreign society.The economy has caused the U.S. unemployment to increase. The unemployment rate f rom two thousand one, to two thousand four has increased by 2 percent. The number of populate without jobs has grown from six million, eight hundred and one thousand in The year two thousand and one,to eight million six hundred forty six thousand and two hundred fifty currently. This massive downsize is due to the lack of finances to fund workers in the workforce. Also the United States paid over one point, thirty six million dollars to families who lost loved ones in th...

Effects Terrorism has on our Nation Essay example -- essays research p

Effects Terrorism has on our NationPurpose To inform readers of the effects the recent terrorist flak catchers be in possession of on society today.Audience GeneralThesis The terrorist polish up on America has affected the economy, tourism and the foreign society tremendously.The Effects Terrorism has on SocietyFrom the lips of the FBI, Terrorism is the unlawful use of force or violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objective. On September 11, 2001 the unify States of America experienced such actions, it was the largest terror attack experienced by any country. The affect this had on America was tremendous, thousands are dead and tens of thousand of Americans in our country know someone who was killed or injured. The terrorist attack on America has affected the economy, tourism and foreign society.The economy has caused the U.S. unemployment to increase. The unemployment rate from two thousand one, to two thousand four has increased by 2 percent. The number of people without jobs has grown from cardinal million, eight hundred and one thousand in The year two thousand and one,to eight million six hundred forty six thousand and two hundred fifty currently. This massive downsize is due to the lack of finances to fund workers in the workforce. Also the United States paid over one point, thirty six million dollars to families who lost loved ones in th...

Are the consequences of global warming worse for Africa than for the Arctic?

The consequences of global change on Africa are worse than on the frozen. Africa is already among the poorest uprights in the world. Out of 55 countries, two-thirds of these countries are among the poorest 50 countries in 2007. Many Afri rouse countries already have outstanding debt which needs to be cleared so that the countries terminate come out of poverty. Africas mediocre income per capita was $0.72. Also, 34% of the population aged 15-24 is illiterate. This shows that further drawbacks due to the impacts from global warming would be critical.As scarcity increases, the dependence on poor quality sources also increases. This leads to increase water-borne diseases such as cholera. Consequently, this puts increased pressure on health care systems which then decrease government budgets. Global warming affects Africa worse because Africa is a continent which desperately needs money to clear debt and for development.The impact of global warming on Africa is more physical and huma n. Africa contains about 20% of all known species of plants, mammals and birds, as well as 17% of amphibians and reptiles. There is lots more at risk compared to the effects of global warming on the Arctic. As global warming increases, fragile habitats may not survive and between 20-50% of species in Africa could face extinction.On the other hand, the impacts of global warming on the Arctic are much slight serious. For example, due to global warming, ice caps melt and the ice bergs impose a capableness threat to the ships that cross the Atlantic and Pacific ocean. When comparing this to a potential impact in Africa such as the increased risk to flooding which now occurs in areas that were previously not at risk, the effects are much more severe.When analysing the positive and interdict impacts on both regions, it is clear that Africa has very few positive impacts from global warming. In the Arctic, reduced ice cover can lead to discovery of new sites for resources such as oil. Th is can benefit the region economically, providing jobs andincome. There will be new areas for trees to grow which could decrease ascorbic acid dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Also, new industries can move in and new shipping routes may be available.Moreover, the population of Africa is 1.033 billion (2011) compared to the population of 4 million in the Arctic. The impacts of global warming would be far greater widespread in Africa, effecting many of them as they are vulnerable due to existing poverty. One negative impact on Arctic is that it will alter the lifestyle of the native people. Although this is bad, it is insignificant compared to the effects on Africa.Also, the impact of global warming on the Arctic could be felt all over the world as sea levels would rise causing flooding. I believe that this is still out-weighed by the impacts on Africa as one of the few ways in which African countries can reduce their debt burden is through the production of cash crops (the crops so ld for income rather than to supply themselves with food). As a result, forest clearance has taken place in order to allow commercial farming.Impacts of global warming such as drought in Africa would expose soil to erosion by wind. This will put increased pressure on existing land to grow crops which is likely to cause desertification. famine and malnutrition is likely to increase, placing Africas food security under threat. African farmers are trapped into poverty because they are dependent on successful crop harvests. Crops can be heavily influenced by the impacts from global warming. Therefore, people cannot feed themselves or make money and will be trapped in poverty as they cannot reduce the effects of climate change themselves.In conclusion, the future of Africa is heavily dependent on climate change. They do not have the wealth to use translation policies to reduce the impact of global warming such as protection against flooding and coastal erosion. The Arctic region itself will have negative impacts only when there will also be positive impacts which make the situation less serious.

Business Management of Owning a Construction Company Essay

Owning a crook company requires good planning whereby the management puts several measures in place to checker that a company performs well to generate exuberant money that aids it run its operations. Availability of surplus affectionate materials is one of the important factors to figure bit managing a construction company. A construction loyal should have enough laborers who offer function to customers and who work at the production stage. Running a construction company requires that the management rise up with a good marketing strategy that furnishs the company to displume as many clients as possible to allow the organization generate enough income to carry out its activities efficaciously. Keeping tempers in an take shaped manner makes it easy for a construction company to make references and withal to avoid loss of data. Managers who plan their activities wisely and accordingly in a construction company argon in a better position of elevating the advance that th e company generates and to improve the quality of goods and services that the profligate offers.Definition of Important ConceptsManagement is a common term that this paper uses and it agency to slang impressive measures as a leader that religious service to run an organization in an forceive manner. The term construction is also common in this analysis and it means to come up with projects such as buildings, bridges and roads using qualified personnel.CounterargumentsEven though raw materials are subjective in the ravel of a construction company, some companies lack them due to poor management which in most cases leads to the fall of a business. Other construction companies lack enough laborers and this makes the available workers to strain with their work which in most cases lowers the outcome of construction companies. Lack of efficient marketing strategy and lack of proper ways of record keeping also in many instances lead to the downfall of many construction companies b ecause they are not able to generate sufficient income from different customers and they stupefy confusion respectively.This report makes use of an imaginary company by the name of Davis Construction business firm to expound on the management of owning a construction company. As part of its activities, this construction firm produces building bricks from clay soil, produces celling boards that builders fit inside houses, and also hires professional masons and different construction designers to people or organizations that want to come up with buildings. To disclose its goals, the management of Davis Construction firm must take into account several measure that will help it run its activities.Availability of novel MaterialsFirst of all, the handler of this organization must ensure that there is a continuous flow of raw materials to enable the firm continue with its production. In this case, the essential raw materials that Davis Construction firm needs are clay soil to manufac ture bricks, wood chips to manufacture celling board, and sufficient water to carry out the commingle process. Other raw materials that this organization needs to produce its goods take chemicals that it uses to carry out its production.A good manager will carry out a research on the best places to acquire the raw materials so that the firms does not experience delays in its production process. To ensure a steady supply of raw materials in a construction firm, managers should have more than one source of suppliers who deliver raw materials to the company. Having more than one source of supplier who supply the akin product is important because this allows a company to carry out its activities continuously not to inconvenience customers. In many instances, un real suppliers make business managers to consider alternative ways getting raw materials to carry out an organizations activities (Alonso, 2007, p. 3). Another way in which the manager of this company and any other constructio n company can ensure constant availability of raw materials is by establishing nearby sites that generate enough raw materials to run the activities of an organization. For example, to have a constant supply of water, the manager can hire professionals to come and dig boreholes that will provide surplus water to the firm at a oft cheaper cost.Availability of WorkersEffective management of a construction company calls for hiring enough laborers who help in running the organizations activities. A wise manager will therefore, put measures to ensure that the laborers share work equally and that they do not strain while carrying out their activities. The laborers in a construction firm should fall into several sections where each worker partakes in the activity of his specialization. By each worker taking part in the activities of his specialization, a construction firm will learn accuracy in all the goods it produces and all the services it offers.To get laborers of sufficient knowled ge to carry out their activities, the management of Davis Construction stiff should carry out a test while recruiting laborers after ascertaining their credentials. Even though it is a common occurrence in many countries that construction activities attract workers with low educational level (ILO, 2001, p. 12), it is important for managers to hire workers with high qualification to do their job perfectly so as to come up with products and services that satisfy customers needs. The management should ensure that workers get sufficient training to enable them carry out their duties with preciseness. As a way of improving the technical skills of their workers, managers should organize educative seminars where other professionals offer theoretical and practical knowledge to the workers. Good managers take the initiative of helping technicians who show great ability in their duties attain further training and also to serve as motivation to the contractors. Managers in a construction comp any should also take their workers to tour different construction firms because if they fail to do this, it will be impossible to compete favorably with other construction firms.Marketing StrategiesA construction company should adopt effective marketing strategies that allows it to reach customers from different geographical regions. After intense research about marketing strategies, managers in construction companies such as Davies Construction potent should come up with a suitable way of marketing the goods and services that the firm offers. To effectively reach customers from different regions, managers who run construction firms should adopt reliable channels such as the internet and publications because these two are able to carry so much information about a company and are also able to transmit information within a very short time. Enhanced technology has improved communication and marketing which has positive effect on inter-organizational alliance and communication (Avloni tis & Karayanni, 2000, p. 442). Managers in a construction firms should appoint certain people with the right qualification to manage the companys website and to pursue to customers needs. In a business organization, it is important for managers to create a customers department wing to improve the quality of services and to build a long-term relationship with the customers (Rust, Moorman, & Bhalla, 2010, p. 5).Record KeepingManagers who run construction companies should adopt better ways of storing vital information. Good forms of record keeping enable construction companies to make necessary reference whenever conflicts or discrepancies occur. For example, Davis Construction Firm can adopt better ways of record keeping by using computers that are able to inclose large amount of data for a very long time. People in charge of electronically storing data must be very needlelike in their activities to ensure that the information stays for a long time without getting lost (Trace, 20 02, p. 138). Managers in a construction firm should also adopt a way of keeping records that is easy to retrieve information. Some of the advisable ways of keeping records in a manner that is easy to retrieve include using alphabetical orders, storing records according to the subject and keeping records in accordance to urgency.ConclusionManagers who run construction firms should take the initiative of helping the company attain its goals. As part of their management duties, managers should be able to come up with ways that ensures a constant and sufficient supply of raw materials to enable the firm carry out production of goods and services continuously. A manager should also be able to ensure that a construction firm has enough workers who help in carrying out the activities of a company in accordance to their area of specialty. Coming up with an effective marketing strategy helps to reach customers from different regions and therefore, be able to generate enough money for the con struction firm. Above all, a manager in a construction firm needs to device effective methods of storing vital information about past and current operations of a construction firm.ReferencesAlonso, E., et al. (2007). Material availability and the supply chain Risks, effects, andresponses. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.Avlonitis, G., & Karayanni, D. (2000). The jounce of internet use on business-to-businessmarketing Examples from American and European companies. Industrial marketingmanagement 29(4) 441-459.International Labor Organization, ILO. (2001). The construction industry in the ordinalcentury Its image, employment prospects and skill requirements. Geneva.Rust, R., Moorman, C., & Bhalla, G. (2010). Rethinking marketing. Harvard Business Review.Trace, B., C. (2002). What is recorded is never simply what happened Record keeping inModern organizational culture. Archival Science 2(7), 137-159.at is put down is Never Simply What HappenedRecord Keeping in Modern Organizati onal CultureSource document

Corrupt Utopian Societies Essay

Have you ever imagined living in a society where everyone is the comparable? keep you imagine living in a society where passel dont ask questions, they just do as they are told? Winston Smith from George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four and Bernard Marx from Aldous Huxleys Brave new-fangled humanity live in worlds very homogeneous to these. They live in worlds where corruption is scarce among the commons population. Winston and Bernard are from entirely different settings however, they subscribe to an abundance of thoughts that lead them to similar places in different stories.These thoughts and actions taken by these characters are fascinating to the reader when skeletal into perspective. Few times in the two novels Winston and Bernards thoughts draw them close to danger within their worlds because of consequences with their dictators or government. Bernard is exiled from his society to a different continent trance Winston is sentenced to death after vigorous amounts of testin g and torture. It is interesting to see how these characters thoughts are so different and similar at the same time, and how they lead them to their dismay.The title of my see relays how I think about these novels in two ways. The first one being that I believe both of the guards are attempted Utopias. The second resolve being that although both societies are attempted utopias they turn out being the complete opposite and result in being crooked and dissatisfying. In Huxleys Brave New World Bernard is set as an individual from everyone else right from the start. He is classified as an alpha, tho is much shorter than all the other alphas.Rumors were bed cover that when he was in the bottle he was mistaken as a Gamma and had alcohol slipped into his blood surrogate. Bernard became more of an individual because his peers passed judgment upon him, casting him extraneous from the social normality. By being treated like this Bernard develops an unusual way of view compared to others in his world. Bernard has a desire to be excluded from the social body. He wants to fall out happiness in way that is non a part of everyone elses happiness he wants to create his own happiness.When Bernard is with Lenina on their first date he says the true(a) problem is How is it that I cant or rather-because, after all, I know quite well why I cant-what would it be like if I could, if I were free-not enslaved by my conditioning. (Huxley 90). What Huxley is portraying in the readers mind about Bernard, is how he hungers for diversity among himself and his peers. He wants to know how himself and others would act if they werent so condemned by their conditioning. This thinking is very similar to Winstons thoughts in 1984 when Winston goes hunting for evidence that society used to be different before the company existed.When Winston is thinking about the Party in general it frustrates him that the Party claims inventing airplanes, when he knows for a fact they didnt. To resolve this issue in his mind, he sets out on a mission to ask someone of age who might remember. These two scenarios of Winston and Bernards show how they want their societies to be different, but are infinitely hopeless in doing so. While Winston and Bernard share a common situation in these two novels, so do two sub-cultures. In 1984 there was a group of people called the Proles who were sanctioned off from the outer and inner Party.The Proles were left to do as they pleased, undisturbed by the Party, for the most part. Unlike outer and inner Party members, Proles are not forced to show support for the Party. Proles are also aloud to partake in sexual acts, unlike Winston, an outer Party member, who must crimp around to participate in such acts. Now, switching over to Brave New World, we recall a similar group to the Proles called Savages who live on the booking. The Reservation is in New Mexico and the savages are left alone there to do what they want.They are left alone because thei r beliefs and pushs are far too abstruse for The World State. In these ways the Proles and Savages on the Reservation are very similar. Nineteen Eighty-Four and Brave New world both share intriguing similarities but there are equally as interesting differences. One of them is the viewpoint within the two novels on love and relationships. In Nineteen Eighty-Four the party abolishes anyone who commits thought-crime. Having a sexual relationship with someone falls under this category and could spoil you nto a lot of trouble just as Winston and Julia did. For Winston and Julia to be qualified to partake in even the smallest amount time together, alone and away from surveillance, they had to construct a well thought-out and thorough plan as to not get caught. On the other hand we have Brave New World where everyone is expected to have a relationship with multiple people at the same time, and move on shortly afterwards. When Lenina tells Fanny about seeing Henry Foster exclusively for the past four months, she replies No it really wont do.And you know how strongly D. H. C. objects to anything intense or long-drawn. Four months of Henry Foster, without having another man-why, hed be furious if he knew (Huxley 46). This shows quite well how frowned upon it is to not have multiple partners. Characters in Brave New World are expected to not only switch partners often and have multiple partners at one time, but also have sex after the first date. The government has conditioned the people to the point where theres no real sensation in anything.Normal sensations such as tasting something, loving someone, and sexual intimacy do not exist in Brave New World or Nineteen Eighty-Four. Winston and Bernard both experience complicated love affairs in these novels, ones that have no feeling. Winston is brought up in his society with the sentiment that sex and relationships are prohibited. His relationship with Julia is short and only has one point, to be rebellious and get plea sure out of it while he can. In Bernards society he is conditioned with the idea that relationships should be short, and dissipate after a short while.In his vacant relationship with Lenina he has no tangible feelings for her. In these two contrasts you can see how well relationships and love have such a large impact on the stories. Relationships clearly made an impact on Winston and Bernards development throughout their stories. Another influence that affected themselves and their societies was literature. In Nineteen Eighty-Four Syme helped edit and create the book of Newspeak. Syme became obsessed with book and was highly knowledgeable with its contents and the reason it was being made.The Party eventually vaporized him due to the fact that he was became so informed about its reasoning and the point of even making it. A similar character in Brave New World, Helmholtz was convicted of almost the same thing. He produced a poem that advance too much thinking it was too intellectu al for The World State. This comparison examines how both governments in the two novels dont want their people to acquire too much thinking upon themselves, as to create a possible rebellion. This comparison isnt directly about the two main characters, but it does have an effect on how they think.Nineteen Eighty-Four and Brave New World have so many strong similarities and contrasts that it makes it very difficult to only clunk a few and go in depth with them. These contrasts I talked about are all evidence as to how Winston and Bernard can be so similar in their worlds and be impacted in lots of different ways. Winston and Bernard act the ways they do because no matter how many dystopian society scenarios you germ up with, if you become curious enough, you will seek individualism, change, and rebellion from that society.

Aphrodite

The beginning of the Trojan War all started with three goddesses Aphrodite, A becausea, and Hera and the assayment of Paris. These three goddesses are very important in greek mythology. Aphrodite organism the goddess of sexual love and beauty. Athena, the goddess of wisdom, courage, and law and Justice. Hera is the wife of Zeus and the goddess of marriage and woman. It all began at the union of Peleus and Thetis. Eris, the goddess of discord, was not invited and was angered by this.She arrived at he wedding eitherway, bringing a golden apple that was labeled to the fairest one. Aphrodite, Athena, and Hera all thought themselves to be the fairest one and all thought that they had claim to the apple. They asked Zeus to Judge who was fairest, solely not wanting to declare a favorite, he sent them to Paris. Paris was a troJan mortal that had recently offered a golden crown to any bull that could beat his champion bull, so Ares had turned himself into a bull defeating the champion.Par is gave the crown to Ares with no hesitation, and because of that honesty was why he was hosen by Zeus to Judge Aphrodite, Athena, and Hera. Escorted by Hermes, the three goddesses bathed in the spring of Ida and then met up with Paris on the Mount of Ida. After the goddesses undresses for Paris to reveal their beauty he could slake not decide. The three candidates decided to use their powers and bribe him, each offering great things. Hera offered to make him leader of Europe and Asia, Athena offered to give him great aptitude in battle and wisdom, and Aphrodite offered the most beautiful woman in the world.Paris chose Aphrodite and gave her the apple. Aphrodite gave Paris Helen, the most beautiful woman in the world. Helen was married to the Greek king Menelaus. The Greeks try to get Helen back from Troy is the root cause of the Trojan War. Aphrodite, Athena, and Hera had major roles throughout the Trojan War. Aphrodite was on the Trojans side, but Athena and Hera were on the si de of the Greeks. During the contend Aphrodite is seen aiding and helping Paris and the Trojans while Athena and Hera helped the Greeks. There are many examples of Aphrodite helping the Trojans throughout the state of war.One example is when Menelaus challenged Paris to a affaire dhonneur. Paris did not duel with him at first, but when his brother Hector makes fun of him for being a coward he decides to fight. In their duel, Menelaus gets Paris by him helmet and begins to drag him. Aphrodite, being an ally to the Trojan side, helps Paris by breaking the strap to his helmet so that he is released from Menelaus. Menelaus then tries to put his spear through Paris, but Aphrodite takes Paris away and puts him in his room. Aphrodite then disguised herself as an old man and brought Helen to Paris.Another example of Aphrodite in he Trojan War is when she intervened in a battle to save her son, Aeneas. He was to a fault an ally to the Trojans who was almost killed by Diomedes, a greek hero . When Aphrodite intervened Diomedes attacked her with his spear, hitting her wrist. Because of her wound she drops Aeneas, but hes rescued by another ally god, Apollo. Aphrodite then goes to her brother Ares to bear his chariot to take her to matters of war to Ares and Athena, the god and goddess of war. Since Athena was the goddess of war she was pretty involved in the Trojan War and was present at any battles.In the war she was allies with the Greeks. She played a big role in the Trojan War when it came to the Trojan Horse. Odysseus came up with a plan, some say with the aid of Athena, to construct a wooden horse to sneak into Troy. An inscription was on the horse that said For their return home, the Greeks dedicate this offering to Athena. Athena also helped and defend the Greek warrior Diomedes a lot. Diomedes was the only one to wound an Olympian Immortal, which was Aphrodite. Throughout the war Athena helps him by blessing his armor and giving him orders.

Body and gender representation Essay

The general public is also the intended audience for this movie. Here, adult female is represented as a workless, single mother, a situation that many women in society find themselves in. Out of desperation, Brokovich presses her lawyer to give her a job in his firm and was given a clerical position. However, she was not treated with seriousness because she did not adapt to the dress and manners required of an office employee. In the course of her work, she came across information about a company depositing toxic chemicals that polluted the local water supply.She takes an active role in building a case against the company. Gender representation is consistent with cultural norms in that women are mothers whose role is to nurture their children. However, the strength, assertiveness, intelligence, efforts to control and direct life and active involvement in social issues portrayed by Brokovich departs from cultural norms which dictate that women be passive, dependent or should focus their time on domestic affairs. This female representation is truly positive. Les Miserables (1998) An adaptation of the French classic novel, the movie is again for general patronage.In line with the novel, the film portrays an ex-convict Jean Valjean who commits crime however soon establishes a untried life under a new identity. He builds a business employing the poor and disadvantaged and upon the dying wishes of a prostitute whom he defended from unjust immurement and whom he took care of while sick, raises her daughter as his own. He does everything to ensure her safety, education, home, social standing and financial security. Gender representation in this film is positive. priapic representation moves away from the cultural norm of detached and not domestically inclined father.Here, Valjean takes on the nurturing role, selfless with a strong stance against the oppression of two women and men. However, this was not carried out in the conventional manner of knight in shi ning armor or as a male holding a position of power but rather as a struggling person helping his fellow poor. The representation of women was through Fantine, an unwed mother whom scantness forced into prostitution and her daughter who was enslaved and abused by the family to whom she was initially entrusted. The cleaning lady in this family was particularly cruel.This portrayal of women as traditionally helpless, discriminated and taken advantage of but who can also take on the role of oppressor provides a realistic view of the variety of roles that women take on in society. Pictures 1. This photo in a magazines swim suit edition portrays femininity in terms of physical beauty. This is defined as flawless hair, clear skin with an clarified tone, slimness and curves. This representation is consistent with society and males standard of femininity and beauty to which a womans worth may be judged.Because womens bodies are different and the average woman does not look like her at all , its impact on women is negative. It leads them to become dissatisfied with their bodies which results in a poor body image and low self-assertion. It also reinforces womens gender roles of preoccupation with beauty. In regarding themselves as defective and in cultivating the desire to attain the seats looks and body, women will spend much time, effort and money. The target audience of the magazine includes teen-agers and young women who are potential buyers of the product being advertised. 2.The strong, muscular and ravening stance of the male in this photo, which appeared in a magazine for women, represents current cultural norms regarding masculinity which encompasses male gender roles of taking the active part, dominant, capable and powerful. It reflects traditional views that men cannot be soft, weak, puny or vulnerable. Men are affected negatively by this representation because it also establishes a standard that they have to conform to. It establishes that these physical characteristics are what women would find appealing but like women, men are also different.Hence, those men who do not possess the physical attributes portrayed by this model will feel insecure and would also attempt to build their physique and the matching attitude. 3. The intended audience for this picture is also women. excursion from portraying femininity in terms of beauty, femininity is also represented as youth and sensuality. The dress, the body parts revealed and position of the model are some(prenominal) sexy and seductive. It reflects the traditional view of women as sex objects and their role as a source of male sexual fantasy and satisfaction.Similarly, this representation is negative because it implies that in order to be desired by men, women have to have the proper physical attributes of breasts, legs and buttocks such as portrayed. It impacts most especially on the self-esteem of older women since age diminishes the physical characteristics perceived as desirable. Wrinkles, age spots and decreasing muscle tone, which occur within the normal course of an older womans life, are now regarded as their adversary.

Business Ethics in Respect of Bangladesh Essay

Business ethicsSocial responsibility requires individuals engaging in business endeavors to be receive in an honest manner. Ethics atomic number 18 principles of port that distinguish between right and wrong. Ethical conduct conforms to what a group or society as a whole considers right behavior. People functional in business frequently face ethical questions. Business ethics is the evaluation of business activities and behavior as right or wrong. Ethical standards in business are based on commonly accepted principles of behavior established by the expectations of society, the firm, the industry, and an individuals personal values.Most business leaders realize their firms send awaynot succeed without the trust of customers and the goodwill of society. A violation of ethics makes trust and goodwill difficult to maintain. In thousands of companies, executives and employees act according to the highest ethical standards. alas managers in some firms be father unethically, and these instances are often highly publicized. Personnel executive say the major reason managers behave unethically is to obtain motive and money.Business Ethics- Practice in BangladeshIn Bangladesh, though practice of Business ethics is still not so commendable in public sphere of influence and small companies, but business ethics has been an increasing concern among larger companies, at least since the 1990s. Major corporations increasingly fear the damage to their image associated with disturb revelations of unethical practices. The spare-time activity information about the functions relating ethics and social responsibility of a reputed company of our country will give a brief theme about the practice of Business Ethics in BangladeshUnilever Bangladesh LimitedOver the last four decades, Unilever Bangladesh has been constantly bringing new and world class products for the Bangladeshi people to remove the daily drudgery of life. Over 90% of the countrys households use one or more of Unilever products. They aim to give everybody a little something to celebrate about themselves every day. They believe that to succeed in business, it is essential to maintain the highest standards of incorporate behavior towards everyone they work with, the communities they touch, and the environment on which they have an impact.Ethical Approaches Effective Code of business principles Their enactment of business principles describes the operational standards that everyone at Unilever follows, wherever they are in the world. It also supports their approach to governance and corporate responsibility. Code of business principles are- Standard of conduct, Obey the law, employees, consumers, shareholders, business partners, community involvement, public activities, the environment, innovation, competition, business integrity, conflict of interest, compliance, reporting, monitor. Women Development and Women Empowerment Unilever strongly believes in the importance of empowering women i n Bangladesh, because the progress of any society will be constrained if a significant part of its population is neglected and excluded from the benefits of development. They believe, with economic and educational empowerment, women can turn over more vocal about their rights and become stronger in withstanding repression in any form. So they have established Fair & Lovely Foundation. The mission of this backside is to encourage economic empowerment of Bangladeshi women through information and resources in the areas of Education, Career and Enterprise. It is this realization that has brought about the Fair & Lovely Foundation Scholarship Program. below this scholarship scheme, women who have passed their HSC each receives a Taka 25,000scholarship to support her tertiary level education.Unethical Approaches Unilever produces Fair & lovely fairness cream, lotion, etc and they claim that skincolor will be whitened after using this product. But that it is not true. There are noscien tific values about whiteness. This is totally unethical performance inmarketing activities of this company.Managing or Encouraging Ethical fashionManaging the financial operations of a company can be a complex effort. Companies need to balance their desire to grow with the realities of maintaining their financial relationships, satisfying their investors and make a profit. Government Regulations The government can do so by legislating more stringent regulations. But, rules require enforcement and when in many cases there is show up of lack of enforcement even the ethical business person will tend to slip something by without getting caught. Increased regulation may help, but it for sure cannot solve the entire business ethics problems. Trade Associations Setting Guidelines Trade associations can and often do provide ethical guidelines for their members. These organizations within particular industries are in an excellent position to exert pressures on members that stoop to quest ionable business practices. Companies Providing Code of Ethics Employees can more easily determine and demand acceptable behavior when companies provide them with a formula of ethics. Such codes are perhaps the most effective way to encourage ethical behavior. A code of ethics is a written guide to acceptable and ethical behavior that outlines uniform policies, standards and punishments for violations. Because employees know what is expected of them and what will happen if they violate the rules, a code of ethics goes a long way towards encouraging ethical behavior. However, codes cannot possibly cover every situation. Companies must also create an environment in which employees write out the importance of complying with the written code. Managers must provide direction by fostering communication, actively modeling and encouraging ethical decision making, apart from investing in training employees to make ethical decisions. Whistle Blowing Technique Sometimes, even employees who want to act ethically may find it difficult to do so. Unethical practices can become ingrained in an organization. Employees with high personal ethics may then take a controversial step called whistle blowing. Whistle blowing is informing the press or government officials about unethical practices in an organization. Whistle blowing could have averted disaster and prevented needless deaths in the Challenger space shuttle disaster, for example. How could employees have known about life-threatening problems and let them pass? Whistle blowing on the other hand, can have serious repercussions for employees those who make waves sometimes lose their jobs. conclusionThe main objective of business is to serve people with their every need for the well-being of human being and to ensure that, there is no alternative of following business ethics. Since he practice of business ethics in our country is still not ubiquitous, we are not getting the proper environment for the business, and theref rom often we are facing some crisis situation and it is hampering our total economic development. Our policy makers and the top executives of the organizations should give more concern in making ethical policies and take proper steps to encourage business executives and service holders to follow them.

Annie Dillard “The Chase”

In Annie Dillards autobiography The Chase, she emphasizes and uses great detail in her different committal to writing techniques to brace the scenes in the story feel more alive or realisticistic. The attention of detail can be seen with her intense use of transitions and active descriptions in the actual chase scene. Dillard also uses tone and language of the characters to make the story feel more like actual real time events. In the basic paragraph of The Chase, the narrator of the story a seven year old girl is informing the audience about the game of football.She says It was all or nothing (Dillard 121). Basically stating that in football you have got to give all of your effort and not hesitate at all if you want to make the play and stop the offense. This do or die attitude is reflected later in the story during the chase scene. It is also the climax of the story. Being that a bunch of kids ar together unsupervised, there is going to be some trouble. That is exactly what h appens closely. The children are all gathered during a winter snowy day making snowballs next to a street throwing them at passing cars. Its wide black door opened a man got out of it running. He didnt even close the car door. This kind of unexpected thrill we can all relate to. Dillard adds even more by putting in the little details that make the reader feel the anger of this man and the feeling of were caught by the children that we have all felt as a kid is described in that same quote. By using these details in the story the reader can put themselves into the shoes of the characters.Dillard uses lots of active descriptions that are very real throughout the chase scene. She uses actual street names like Edgerton Avenue, Lloyd Street, Willard and Lang. This use of actual real names of streets makes the story. The reader can almost get missed in the chase itself with Dillards use of rapid transitions like up, around, under, through, down some, across, smashed. After the chase i s over and the children are caught the reader feels tired

The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 40

distressed electric s leaverWhen I wake, the rain has stopped, entirely I am shivering. I sit up, and my whole body hurts. My overcoat is gone. My leather loafers are gone. All the money I had in my pocket is gone. My leather belt is gone. The impertinent watch my mother gave me for Christmas is gone. I touch my fingers to my face, and they turn red.Looking more or less, I face that I am on a narrow street full of parked cars. Row houses on either side. many are boarded up, many of the porches and steps attached to the fronts are in need of repair, and the streetlights above are non on maybe smashed by rocks making the whole world look dark. I am non in a good neighborhood, with no money, shoes, or any idea where I am. crack up of me wants to lie on the sidewalk forever, notwithstanding Im afraid those bad people might come defend to finish me off, and before I can really think about anything, Im on my feet, limping down pat(p) the block.My right thigh muscle feels l ocked in place, and I cannot bend my right knee very well. unmatched house on the block is decorated for Christmas. On the porch is a bowl eyeshot with a bendable Mary and Joseph both black. I limp toward impair Jesus, thinking that people celebrating the holiday are more than likely to function me than people without Christmas decorations, because in the Bible Jesus tell aparts we should help shoeless people who have been mugged.When I finally total to the decorated row house, a funny thing happens. Instead of roast on the entrance, I limp over to the black Mary and Joseph because I want to look into the manger and see if mishandle Jesus is black too. My cramped leg screams with pain and gives out just as I reach the Nativity scene. On my detainment and one knee, between His parents, I see that Baby Jesus is really black and plugged in his dark face glows like amber, and a electric current of white light blasts up through His little baby chest.Squinting, taking in the light of Baby Jesus, I instantly realize that I was mugged because I cursed God, so I pray and say Im sorry and I understand what God is telling me that I need to work on my calibre round more before I will be allowed to find apart times end.My pulse is punt so hard in my ears that I do not even hear the front door open, nor do I hear a man walk out onto the porch.What you doin to Aunt Jasmines Nativity scene? the man says.And when I turn my head, God lets me have it off He has accepted my apology.When they archetypal brought Danny to the bad place, he wouldnt talk. Like me and everyone else, he had a scar, but his was much larger and on the back of his head, making a bright pink line in his Afro. For a month or so, he just variant of sat in a chair by the benefitdow of his direction as speech therapists visited and remaining frustrated. Me and the boys would stop in and say hello, but Danny only looked out the window when we talked to him, so we thought he was one of the people whose brain trauma was so bad he was most likely difference to be a vegetable for the rest of his life sort of like my fashionmate, Jackie. just now after a month or so, Danny bring forthed taking his meals in the cafeteria with the rest of us, attending music and group therapy sessions, and even leaving on a few group excursions to the shops by the harbor and the Orioles games down at Camden Yards. It was obvious that he understood words and even was exquisite normal he just wouldnt talk.I dont re fragment how farsighted it took, but after a time, Danny started talking again, and I happened to be the first person he verbalise to.A daughter from some fancy college in Baltimore came in to provide what we were told were non-traditional treat manpowerts. We had to volunteer for the sessions, as this girl was not a real therapist save. We were skeptical at first, but when she came to promote the program, we were soon persuaded by her girlish figure and cute, innoc ent-looking face. She was very nice and quite attractive, so we all did whatever she said, hoping to keep her around specially since there were no women patients in the bad place and the nurses were extremely ugly.For the first week, our college student had us look into mirrors a lot as she encouraged us to really get to know ourselves, which was pretty out-there. Shed say things like, Study your nose. Look at it until you really know it. Watch how it moves when you breathe in deeply. jimmy the miracle of respiration. Now look at your tongue. Not just the top, but underneath. Study it. Contemplate the miracles of taste and speech. scarce then one day she paired us randomly, had us sit facing each other, and told us to stare into our partners eyes. She had us do this for a long time, and it was quite weird because the room was completely silent, and men do not usually look into each others eyes for long extents of time. Then she started telling us to imagine that our partner was someone we baffled, or someone we had hurt in the past, or a family member we hadnt seen for many years. She told us to see this person through our partners eyes, until that person was in front of us.Looking into another(prenominal) persons eyes for an extended period of time proved to be a powerful thing. And if you dont believe me, hear it yourself.Of course I began to see Nikki, which was strange because I was staring into Dannys eyes, and Danny is a six-foot-three black man who looks zero point like my ex-wife. Even still, as my pupils remained locked on Dannys, it was as if I were looking directly into Nikkis eyes. I was the first one to start crying, but others followed. Our college girl came over, said I was brave, and then hugged me, which was nice. Danny said nothing.That night I woke up to the sound of Jackies grunting. When I opened my eyes, it took a few seconds for my pupils to adjust, but when they did, I saw Danny stand over me.Danny? I said.My names not Danny.His voice scared me because I was not expecting him to speak, peculiarly since he had not spoken to anyone since he arrived.The names Mad Nipper.What do you want? I asked him. Why are you in our room?I only wanted to tell you my street name, so we could be boys. But were not on the streets right now, so you can keep calling me Danny.And then Danny walked out of my room and Jackie quit grunting.Everyone in the bad place was pretty shocked when Danny began speaking regularly the next day. The doctors said he was experiencing a breakthrough, but it wasnt like that. Danny just decided to talk. We really did become boys and did just about everything together in the bad place, including our exercise routine. And little by little I found out Dannys story.As Mad Nipper he was a rising gansta rapper from North Philadelphia who had signed on with a undersize record label in NYC called Tougher Trade. He was play a club in Baltimore when some boeuf broke loose, and somehow Danny often changed the details of his story, so I cant say what happened for certain he was stricken in the back of the head with a tire iron, driven to the harbor, and thrown in.Most of the time Danny claimed that a Baltimore rap group one that was scheduled to perform before Mad Nipper asked him to smoke up in an alley itinerary behind the club, but when he went outside with these other rappers, they started giving him some produce about headlining in their neighborhood. When he brought up his superior record sales, the lights went out, and he woke up dead, which is actually true, as his file says he was dead for a few minutes before the EMTs be intimated to revive him.Lucky for Danny, someone heard the splash Mad Nipper made when he entered the harbor, and this person fished him out and yelled for help right after the other rappers left. Danny claims that the salt in the water kept his brain alive, but I dont understand how that could be, especially since he was thrown into the filthy harbo r and not the ocean. After an operation that outside tiny parts of his skull from his brain, and a lengthy stay at the hospital, Danny was brought to the bad place. The worst part was that he lost his ability to rap he just couldnt make his mouth rap anymore, at to the lowest degree(prenominal) not as fast as he used to so he took a plight of silence, which he broke only after looking into my eyes for a very long period of time.Once, I asked Danny who he saw when he looked into my eyes, and he told me he saw his aunt Jasmine. When I asked him why he saw his aunt Jasmine, he told me she was the woman who had raised him up until he became a man.Danny? I say, kneeling before the manger.Who are you?Its Pat Peoples.White Pat from Baltimore?Yeah.How?I dont know.Youre bloody. What happened?God punished me, but then He led me here. What you do to make God angry?I cursed Him, but I said I was sorry.If you really Pat People, whats my name?Mad Nipper, a.k.a. Danny.You eat Christmas dinne r yet?No.You like ham?Yes.You wanna eat with me and Aunt Jasmine?Okay.Danny helps me stand, and when I limp into Aunt Jasmines home, it smells of pine needles and baked ham and pineapple sauce. A small Christmas tree is decorated with popcorn strings and colorful blinking lights, two green-and-red stockings are hung on a fake fireplace mantel, and on the television the Eagles are playing the Cowboys.Sit down, Danny says. Make yourself at home.I dont want to get blood on your couch.Its got a pliable cover, see?I look, and the couch is really covered with plastic, so I sit down and see that the Eagles are winning, which surprises me, since Dallas was favored.Ive missed you, Danny says after he sits down next to me. You didnt even say goddamn good day when you left.Mom came and got me when you were in music relaxation class. When did you get out of the bad place?Just yesterday. step to the fore on good behavior.I look at my friends face and see that he is serious. So you get out of the bad place yesterday, and I just happen to run to your neighborhood and get mugged on your street and find you here?Guess so, Danny says.It sort of seems like a miracle, doesnt it?Miracles happen on Christmas, Pat. Everybody knows that shit.But before we can say more, a petite, serious-looking woman who is wearing huge black-rimmed glasses walks into the living room and starts screaming, Oh, my Lord Oh, Jesus I try to convince Aunt Jasmine Im okay, but she calls 911, and then I am in an ambulance being driven to Germantown Hospital.When I arrive at the emergency room, Aunt Jasmine prays for me and yells at a lot of people until I am taken to a private room, where my clothes are upstage and my wounds are cleaned.I am given an IV while I tell a jurisprudence officer what happened.After X-rays, the doctors tell me that my leg is really messed up my mother, Caitlin, and Jake arrive, and then my leg is put in a white cast that starts at my heel and ends just below my hip.I want to pardon to Danny and Aunt Jasmine for ruining their Christmas dinner, but my mother tells me that they left soon after she arrived, which makes me really sad for some reason.When I am finally released from the hospital, a nurse puts a purple sock over my expose toes and gives me a pair of crutches, but Jake pushes me in a wheelchair to his BMW. I have to sit sideways in the backseat, with my feet on Moms lap, because of the cast.We drive through North Philadelphia in silence, but when we pull out onto the Schuylkill Expressway, Caitlin says, Well, at least well never forget this Christmas. She means it as a joke, but nobody laughs.Why isnt anyone asking me how I ended up in North Philadelphia? I ask.After a long pause, my mother says, Tiffany called us from a pay phone and told us everything. We were driving around North Philadelphia looking for you when the hospital called your induce. He called Jakes cell phone, and here we are.So I ruined everyones Christmas?That crazy bitch r uined our Christmas.Jake, Mom says. Please.Did the Eagles win? I ask Jake, because I remember that they were winning and am hoping my father will be in a decent mood when I get home.Yeah, Jake says in a clipped way that lets me know he is upset with me.The Eagles beat T.O. and Dallas in Dallas on Christmas Day, locking up a play-off spot, and Jake, who has not missed a game since he was in elementary school, misses perhaps the best game of the season because he was searching all of North Philadelphia for his mentally deranged brother. And now I realize why my father is not with the search team there was no way hed miss such an important Eagles game, especially against Dallas. I cant help feeling guilty, as it probably would have been a really nice Christmas, especially since my father would have been in a phenomenal mood, and I am sure my mother vigilant food, and Caitlin is even wearing an Eagles jersey, and I keep messing up everyones lives, and maybe it would have been better if the muggers had killed me, and I start to cry, but quietly, so that my mom wont be upset.Im sorry I made you miss the game, Jake, I manage to say, but the words make me cry even harder, and soon I am sobbing into my hands again, like a baby.My mother pats my unbroken leg, but no one says anything.We ride the rest of the way home in silence.

Guide Question Dragon Soup Essay

For slip (A)1. Using Excel sheet provided, and the recommended consequential disclosures as a basis for your analysis, what recommendations would you give Phillips on distributively of the items listed below? In each case, justify your recommendations and estimate how much the decision will change the rightful(a) lever of the conjunction and its encourage in the eyes of an investor in a private comp whatever. a. The lease or buy decision, including whether to structure an operating lease. b. The regular price of the soup, whether or not to run an end-of year packaging or target end-of-year inventory level. c. Whether or not to ask Dunwood to guarantee accounts receivable. d. Whether or not to mow the end-of-year provision for bad debts due to recent strong collection experience. e. Whether or not to sell unalike investments and, if the recommendation is not to sell the mortgage-backed securities, how to value them on the end-of-year balance sheet assuming market conditions d o not change. Given your recommendations, how much do you think a potential buyer will supply based upon a valuation earnings multiple of ten times sustainable earnings, addition the value of cash and marketable investments on the balance sheet?2. In the case, Phillips questioned how far he should push the envelope. why should he be concerned if all the actions you recommend are legal? Do you think the associated disclosures live up to the SEC requirement that a company provides a narrative explanation of its financial statements that enables investors to see the company through the eyes of the management?For Case (B)As stated in the case, Kerr had given the task of valuing potassium hydrogen tartrates equity for possible acquisition, assuming a valuation of ten times sustainable earnings, plus the value of cash and marketable investments on the balance sheet.He understood that most companies preparing for the sale would windowpane dress their financial statements. However, he h ad no reason to believe Dunwoodyand Phillips would do anything deliberately dishonest. In any event, it was Kerrs job to try to unwind any such behavior to establish Dragons true value.3. Using the Excel spreadsheet provided and the footnote disclosures it contains as a basis for your analysis, estimate the true value of the company in the eyes of an investor in a private company.4. Assuming Phillips had prepared the forecasts for you, would you want him to essence your team? Please justify your decision. Assuming you want to hire him, would you offer a similar hire structure to the Tomato Farm deal? Please describe how you think such a movement should be treated in accounting terms.5. The footnote disclosures in Excel spreadsheet are designed to slackly satisfy the SEC requirements to provide a narrative explanation of a companys financial statements, which enables investors to see company the through the eyes of management. What supernumerary information would you like to see in the alleged(prenominal) standard disclosures?As part of your submission, please provide an Excel spreadsheet that justifies your answers. To the extent that you change any assumptions from those contained in the Excel spreadsheet provided to your group, please provide a detailed explanation of the reasons for these changes and details of the magnitude of their impact on the valuation you propose.If your valuation includes information and/or calculations that cannot easily be incorporated into the spreadsheet provided, please provide additional explanations with your submissionMW PETROLEUM (A)JETBLUE AIRWAYS IPO VALUATIONKOHLER (A)CONSOLIDATED RAILFor Case (A)For Case (B)

NSA: National Security or National Stalkers? Essay

In 2010, it became legal for the National Security Agency (NSA) to access private email logs, social media accounts and other mesh infobases (Risen & Poitras, N.S.A. Gathers entropy on Social Connections of U.S. Citizens). Risen and Poitras (2013) explain that the intention of this change was to help protect the unite States (U.S.) from future terrorist attacks and was for the general manipulation of national safety. It is unclear how more terrorist attacks all of this new intelligence has in truth pr til nowted, however, it is very clear that the NSAs actions are violating the retirement of not only Ameri chiffonier citizens, barely everyone who lives on Ameri give the gate soil. With the internet as a resource, this means that they can not only listen in to conversations, but access virtually every data that is entered via the internet. This includes credit card numbers, GPS coordinates, flight destinations, contact teaching for family members, personal pictures and much more. The NSA not only violates the constitutional rights of American citizens, it puts everyone in the country at enormous personal risk for crimes such(prenominal) as fraud and discrimination. One of the greatest issues with the access the NSA has is that it violates the constitutional secrecy laws. The fourth amendment to the Bill of Rights, protects the American bulk against unreasonable searches but upon probable cause (The Bill of Rights A Transcription).Risen and Poitras (2013) reveal that the NSA is not even required to check that the individuals they gather information close are foreigners or gain anything to do with foreign relations. This extensive access to all personal data including brink accounts, GPS coordinates and insurance information is the definition of an unreasonable search with come out of the closet probable cause. Everyones information is composed and stored before there is any reason for the government to search for it. This is in direct violation o f the peoples constitutional rights. Of further concern is the deceit with which the NSA continues to address its capabilities. Jon Stewart Slams Obamas home(prenominal) Spying syllabus explains that although President Obama claimed that emails and phone calls of the general public were not being tracked, it later became evident that this was not the case. It turns out that the internet has become just one more tool for the government to use to spy on its residents. Yet the lies divulged by the NSA demonstrate that not only areAmericans being spied on, they have no counsel of truly knowing which of their personal information is at risk.As a result, it becomes even more troublesome to protect oneself from privacy breaches and indicates the NSA, itself, is not an entity that can be trusted. After all, if they are lying about what they are collecting, there is no behavior of guaranteeing that they are not besides lying about other aspects of their operation, including the way in which the personal information is used. Those close to NSA staff members are particularly vulnerable to internet privacy violations. In Jon Stewart Slams Obamas Domestic Spying Program a news clip shows that NSA workers have been cognise to use their capabilities to spy on their loved ones. Clearly the private internet information collected by the NSA can and is misused on a regular basis. According to The NSAs New Spy Facilities be 7 Times Bigger than the Pentagon the agency has thousands of employees who are apparently able to use their resources to spy on anyone they are personally amoured in. This could lead to the destruction of personal relationships and very dangerous behavior such as stalking or even murder. Another large group of vulnerable individuals are those who bank online. Anyone who uses the internet to make purchases or even view their banking information becomes at an increased risk of fraud.not only does the NSA have access to all of their information, the mere existence of it means that it can be hacked into or even leaked. Persons of all socioeconomic backgrounds are now vulnerable to theft of their hard earned money as a result of the NSAs alleged attempt to prevent terrorism. Furthermore, the bank information can be used in such a way that it not only deplete funds, but permanently destroys credit backgrounds and entire identities. According to Risen and Poitras (2013) all foreigners are at a great risk for being monitored online. This includes both groups that are legally and illegally present in the U.S. and even those who have obtained citizenship. Although the purpose of spying on foreign residents more heavily appears to address the need to prevent terrorism, many (if not most) of these individuals have done nothing to warrant a search of their virtual belongings. It is as if the NSA presumes that everyone could be guilty unless they are proven innocent, which is the exact opposite of the way in which the U.S. judicial court ope rates. In fact, such tactics are a blatant form of discrimination.Mental health patients are also at particular risk. Although theirinformation is supposed to be confidential and kept strictly between a patient and doctor, the NSA is able to view these communications when they occur online. Such access essentially vetoes the doctor-patient confidentiality agreement. A potential result is the decrease in trust within these delicate relationships and, furthermore, a decline in manipulation success. Kaiser patients, for example, are able to email their doctors to access their services more quickly and conveniently. Since these emails can be viewed by the NSA, patients may resist using this valuable resource. Some patients may refrain from revealing information altogether, even via a face-to-face appointment, since medical records are now often published within internet systems for the purpose of more efficient care. Finally, innocent children are put at risk by the NSAs observe of p rivate internet information. Whether parents want to share photographs of their pride and joy with family or tweens are exploring their social relationships, the NSA is watching. For any parent is uncomfortable to think that a stranger, whether or not they work for the government, can view pictures or information about a child with the click of a button.This group may also be the least protected online because they may not know that their information can secretly be seen. Although parents can try to safeguard their youngsters from the general public via computer restrictions and monitoring, they cannot protect them from the capabilities of the NSA. In conclusion, the NSA may be cause more legal injury than good with their legalized privacy breaches. Everyone is at risk, whether they are aware of it or not. It appears that the potential harm to society is not being weighed properly against the desired gain. There is not denying that it is in the best interest of all American reside nts that terrorism be prevented, however, the current tactics being used seem incompetent and costly to our society. Innocent people are being persecuted while criminals find ways around this flaw system of spies.If the public is aware that they are being monitored, terrorists are aware as well. It would be in the best interest of the NSA to find alternate, and more sophisticated ways to identify potential hazards instead of canvas the entire U.S. population via the internet. In fact, it is likely that the dangerous persons we seek will be the first to get hold of relevant communications from the internet, given the circumstances. By creating paranoia and destroying the U.S. quality oflife, we may be creating exactly what terrorist parties are operative to achieve.Works CitedThe Bill of Rights A Transcription. National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives and Records Administration. Web. 31 Aug. 2014. . The Constitution. The Constitution. Web. 01 Sept. 2014. . Jon Stewart Slams Obamas Domestic Spying Program. YouTube. YouTube. Web. 01 Sept. 2014. . The NSAs New Spy Facilities Are 7 Times Bigger Than the Pentagon. Defense One. Web. 02 Sept. 2014. . Risen, James, and Laura Poitras. N.S.A. Gathers Data on Social Connections of U.S. Citizens. The New York Times. The New York Times, 28 Sept. 2013. Web. 02 Sept. 2014. .

Caribbean Civilization

Lecture Lesson IV IV. Race, Nationalism, Independence, Dependence and Regionalism. The genesis of colonialism in the Caribbean and how it has taken root in the political, social and economic institutions. Race and conformation and how they both cohere to shape the social, political and economic landscape of the Caribbean.Explain and under gestate how these forces work to determine the Mosaic of Caribbean society, for fashion model, how they resonate and reinforce rigid institutional hierarchies in education, political science and religion and they entertain been the major determinants of stratification and social identity operator in the region since colonization. Can we divorce race and mannikin from nationalism? Students argon then asked to provide an answer to this. What is plantation society and why is lighten so important to Caribbean society.How race, cast and nationalism be bound up in the legacy of the plantation society created by the colonizers. For example featu res of Plantation Society are keeping colonial peoples technologically deficient maintaining colonial peoples as producers of base raw materials keeping colonial peoples bound to the mother country through the policy of trade exclusivism express mail horizontal linkages between the colonies except through the British giving medication The legacy of colonialism has shaped contemporary politics in the region.It has led to among other things the throwment of a colour hierarchy white over cook over black. And, it has been institutionalised by the political systems in the region. The Comprador Bourgeoisie In the English-speaking Caribbean, the landowning class owed homage ultimately to the metropolis, even though it might have disagreed on particular policies implemented in the colonies or on the correct system of government to be pursued. More than economic inte assuagements, the plantocracy by the end of the nineteenth century was united in defence of its whiteness. The n ation states of the region are still struggling to establish sovereignty. This is partly because key roles in decision-making are still assigned to the metropolitan state, to international organizations or to elites confederate to external markets, who view the masses of the region not as fellow citizens that as groups to be overleapd from society and the polity. In these circumstances, nation-building is incomplete. Examine the rise of the nationalist class with strong family connections and class cleavages and how they usurped the role of the functional class and their access to advocator.As much(prenominal) even though the nationalists led us towards independence political parties are still controlled by the middle class, who are often financed by private capital and only utilise as voting support the mass of the people who are still basically apathetic and anomic from government. One finds that much of government time is still taken up with politicking the community. Exa mine the role of the nationalists in relation to independence as these contested groups are in conflict as they seek to exclude others from membership.Examine the contradictions within this group as they serve to reinforce dependent relations manifested through coordinated groupings such as the comprador bourgeoisie. Independence did not usually result in radical changes in the lives of the majority. Hierarchies were reproduced, just deracialised in the Caribbean. In many cases, the change was mostly a matter of American born whites replacing the British born whites or double-u Indian intelligentsia, replacing the British colonials. Democratic constitutions were facades. policy-making and economic baron still remained concentrated in the hands of a few linked by class, ethnicity and religion.Examine whether independence is honest-to-goodness or not. Look at the notion of neo-colonialist tendencies that exist for example The economies are still controlled from outside and hence important decisions on the use of resources the distri unlessions of wealth and foreign policy is largely also controlled from outside. Constitutional earthly concern does not always coincide with political reality. The territories of the West Indies still exhibit characteristics of rigidly stratified societies with earthy inequalities of wealth and status and an alarming and growing state of unemployment overall poverty and economic dependence. These countries independence did not usually result in radical changes in the lives of the majority. Rather, hierarchies were reproduced, just deracialised in the Caribbean. The change was mostly a matter of American born whites replacing the British born whites. Democratic constitutions were facades. Political and economic power still remained concentrated in the hands of a few linked by class, ethnicity and religion. In light, of the to a higher place examine if independence is a facade. -Can there be a true West Indian identity since the Caribbean is constructed on faulty premises? What is it within our psyche that has impeded so natural and so required a development in the West Indies? -Look at how race and class and nationalism interweave and how they have helped to undermine more genuine attempts at forging a Caribbean identity. Examine why a West Indian identity is critical to the realization of any integration movement. Outline the negative reasons of what could happen if we do not forge a Caribbean region that draws on our collective strength through unity and for a common brotherhood and enlightened nationalism.How can we best improve our society such as governments role in involving the people of the region through not only informing them but also fully involving them in the processes of decision-making on the forms of political unity. For example That the forms of regional unity do not merely institutionalize social unlikeness and economic justice but improve our capability to remedy them and provi de machinery that will adjudge an financial obligation to do so effectively. We must(prenominal) have a lading to the ideal of nationhood and a capability n the part of that leadership to generate that commitment throughout our communities. We must be ready to act in pursuit of that commitment of a regional identity on with those within the region who share that commitment and resolution. But in so acting we must make clear that we proceed on no basis of divisiveness or of exclusion. While it is the responsibility of government to get down action it is essential that the people of the region shall not merely be fully informed but fully involved in the processes of decision-making.That the forms of unity do not merely institutionalize social inequality and economic justice but improve our capability to redress them and provide machinery that will make an obligation to do so effectively. Education becomes important, but not just any type of education scientific reclamation and revitalisation We must be able to see ourselves not only as a people with rhythm but also with reason, and intellect. We have to instill in our curriculum scientific engineering science for a new age. Examine the notion that one of the hallmarks of colonialism was to give to the colonies whatever was obsolete in Europe.And we still find developed countries shipping their discards to the world they helped underdeveloped and we must therefore study the latest technologies and check them in our schools. The lecture provided other examples which students may wish to research. Drawing on the history of race and class and nationalism and independence and regional integration, it seems clear that any West Indian identity that does not stand on a regional base of social equality and economic justice does not rest on sure foundations and will not survive the stress of internal social upheaval and the displacement sands of uneven regional development. References Beckford, G. (1972) Pe rsistent Poverty, New York Oxford University Press. Hall, K. (2001) The Caribbean Community Beyond Survival, Kingston IRP. James, CLR, (1962) The Middle Classes, in Lowenthal, D. and Comitas L. (1973) Consequences of Class and Colour West Indian Perspectives, New York Anchor Books. Levitt, K. and Witter, M. (1996) The Critical Tradition of Caribbean Political Economy, Jamaica IRP. Manley, M. (1982) conflict in the Periphery, London Heineman Munroe, T. (1985) Introduction to Politics, Jamaica UWI. Nkruhmah, K. (1965) Neo-Colonialism The Last Stage of Imperialism, London Nelson. Payne, A. and Sutton, P. (1984) Dependency under Challenge The Political Economy of the Commonwealth Caribbean, Manchester. Ryan, S. (1972) Race and Nationalism in Trinidad and Tobago, Toronto University of Toronto Press. Stone, C. (1971) Decolonisation and Political Change in Jamaica and Trinidad, the States Sage Publications. Sunshine, C. (1996) The Caribbean, Survival, Struggle and Sovereignty, Wa shington Epicon. Watson, H. ed. (1994) The Caribbean in the Global Political Economy, Jamaica IRP. Williams, E. (1970) From Columbus to Castro, New York Harper and Row.

Respect for Superiors in Army

The basic yet fundamental core part of the array as a whole is respect towards your superiors. Respect is necessary deep down any entity to project the straightlaced and acceptable levels of cohesion needed to function. Not only must single project the appearance of respect, barely truly understand what respect means. Since respect screwing be defined as holding feign or esteem for someone or something, a person must better understand their superiors and purlieu in general. However, due to circumstances within each relationship, whether personalised or professional, often times personal issues and concerns must be set aside to reach said levels of cohesion.Removing personal matters or disputes is essential, in nigh cases, to be able to focus on the tasks at hand and create an efficient work environment. whiz of the best ways to demonstrate respect for your superiors is to follow the chain of command. By following the chain of command, an representative is set, which exten ds and correlates to all other aspects of ones daily life. Never undermining the order and routine set forth by the unite States army enables one to obtain personal goals, as well as those set forth by ones team. To disregard the need for order would allow chaos to reign, and all objectives would become null.How can the chain comfort the cart if one link is missing? Obedience and direction are necessary, something that can only be enacted and provided by ones superiors. To imagine the ramifications that would ensue as a result of not respecting the chain of command is terrifying. expostulation is often contagious, and seeing the insubordination acted out by one person could create a half mask effect on their peers. Furthermore, disregarding the respect that should be shown to ones superiors, especially in the presence of fellow personnel, can be extremely embarrassing.To cause any such emotion in someone of your superior is a direct offense, and should not be taken lightly. Full punishment should be demanded and enforced. By making one understand the feeling of chagrin, future incidences can hopefully be avoided. Sometimes it is necessary to strip ones conceit to get to the base of ones character, to be able to remold it in the image of the United States army. These things directly give way to the achiever of the United States Army. Although there are many factions and aspects of the army and its success, respect is a core element and should, itself, be respected at all times, at any cost.Utilizing respect within a unit, within the army, will transform the lives of those that do so. Their professional and personal lives will be enriched with the lessons that they have learned in service, something that will carry over to their families, or future families. It is important to always remember that although respect is slackly a two-way street, all evidence of that vanishes when rank is involved. Equally important to consider still is that without the succe ss of the United States army, personal success can never be achieved.

Commercial law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Commercial law - Case Study ExampleStates and the UK are different, and nowhere is this more exemplified than by the respective responses by these two Government following major incidents of corporate machination. This Case review compares any(prenominal) of the differences between the corporate environments operating in each of these jurisdictions, and explains how they may have contributed to such divergent responses. unrivalled domiciliate characterise these responses as legislative and/or regulatory. Legislative responses refer to legal changes that are made, which guide businesses to change their radiation pattern if they are to remain compliant. In this instance, legislation is an externally enforced means of ever-changing corporate behaviour. Regulations on the other hand can be externally or internally generated, and can promote a desired change of behaviour through legislature or through Codes of practice developed by industry bodies such as the group representing lice nsed auditors. Whether the regulations are internally or externally generated, one important aspect in which they differ from legislative regimes is the higher degree of sizeableness placed on monitoring of entities within regulatory regimes. Legislative regimes primarily depend on the sanctions to encourage compliance.Immediately, following the corporate governance crisis that occurred in the United States in 2002, the federal government implemented farther reaching legislature, to protect investors from such levels of corporate fraud. On the other hand, when the U.K experienced a similar crisis in its corporate governance system in 1991, the response was much different. What followed was over a decade of equip reviews which each provided best Codes of Practices for agents within the corporate governance regime. Eventually legislature on corporate fraud was only enacted in the Fraud Act of 2006. The analysis in this review points to some of the reasons that these government und ertook such different responses.Firstly, prior to the crises, there was significant

Skype anaylsis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Skype anaylsis - Research Paper ExampleOver the year, the order has experienced rapid process with a substantial increase in the number of customers each year. While most of the services ar free, the follow requires customers pay for land line and mobile calls through the Skype credit card.The company leverages on the rate of flow technological development to push its product to the customers. In the era of technological revolution, communication has fetch an primary(prenominal) aspect of the globalized population. The public intends to stay in contact no matter their large geographical separation. As a result, Skype creates the link to sustain communication within the world by providing an online communication platform. Since its foundation, the company has become a hot product within the market. Two years after its release, eBay announced its willingness to acquire it for $2.5 cardinal with other potential performance-based consideration. In 2009, eBay announced its intenti on to sell 65% of its Skype shares to Silver Lake for $1.9 billion (Curwen 11-23). later(prenominal) in 2011Microsoft acquired Skype Communications for $8.5 billion. Microsoft established Skype as one of its division replacing the old Microsoft Live messenger. Today, the masking has over 60 million users being one of the highest preferred communication website.The Skype division is a company that now delivers all its surfaces online to the international market. Users can download applications in their hardware to acquire the platform to communicate. The company provides a wide range of service from messaging, voice and video transfer services. The companys stemma model is different to other social media sites such as Facebook and WhatsApp that are that are majorly used in social communication (Curwen 11-23). Skype has become a favorable communication tool within the business environment due to its ability to support telecommunication services. However, there is evidence that the company is still facing emulation within

Stairs Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stairs Design - Essay suitThe National Safety Council reports more than 10,000 dance step deaths per year in the entire United States and a oft greater number of people get injured because of such(prenominal) accidents. The following paper discusses various aspects of stair safety in terms of its overall design and the designs of its individual elements.A stair is a piece of music of one or more riser main elements in combination with the treads to achieve a desired elevation. A riser can be defined as a vertical distance amidst cardinal horizontal surfaces of bordering treads. A tread could be understood as a distance heedful horizontally between the vertical planes of the foremost projection of adjacent treads at a right rake to the treads leading edge. For assuring safety, it becomes imperative to check that unanimity is maintained in these sizes of the riser and treads. Dimensional uniformity in the widths of treads and the raisings of riser is one of the most importa nt safety factors in the stair design. On account of the psychometric calculations of the user, a mere difference of a quarter inch between adjacent riser height can cause and accident. The elderly people are more prone to such accidents as compared to the young users. Therefore the stairs that are non dimensionally uniform are significant hazards.Treads tTreads that are less than 9 inches wide result in the greatest number of mis go. Research indicates that riser heights between 6-8 inches and tread widths of 10 to 13 inches are most comfortable and fit most peoples preferences. As per specification in building code, a maximum difference of 9.5 mm is permissible between the sizes of the largest and the smallest tread and the greatest riser height shall not exceed the smallest by more than 3/8 of an inch (9.5 mm). In case of the winders, treads should have a minimum depth of 10 inches at a distance of 12 inches from the smaller side. Optimal stair dimensions are 7.2 inch riser heig hts with all an 11 or 12 inch tread width.Providing a handrail assures greater safety to the stairs even if it is protected from both the sides with walls. The use of handrail prevents the loss of balance while using the stair. The absence of handrail is a major factor in stair accident. The human factors design handbook, 1992 suggests the rail height to be around 34 inches (there are varying data on the specified height where the handrail should be installed), and it should be seen that the rail has an appropriate size and section that could facilitate proper grip. The handrail should be maintained regularly and it should be checked that it is properly anchored to the surface. The handrail should be continuous throughout the entire flight and should not break anywhere in between. At the end, it should terminate in a newel post or should be treated to fix in an adjacent wall but should not be left untreated and open. When anchored against the wall, the rails should have a minimu m space of one and a half inches with the wall to provide space for the knuckles during the grip. The stairs that are open from the sides should be installed with guards in combination with the handrail to provide lateral support. The guards should be placed close enough to each separate that disallow the passage of a four inches sphere.While proposing an architectural design, stairs with one or two steps should be avoided

Federalists and Republicans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Federalists and Republicans - Essay ExampleThe Constitution of 1787, drafted to replace the original Articles of Confederation, was instrumental in the formation of the Federalist presidential term. Taxes had long been seen as intrusive and oppressive . In the Constitution, Article 8 states, The Congress shall engender Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence (sic) and general Welfare of the linked States but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States (Transcript of Constitution of the United States (1787)). doubting Thomas Paine had written in his landmark book The Rights of Man that, To say that any people are non fit for freedom, is to make poverty their choice, and to say they had rather be loaded with taxes than not. (qtd in Smith). Paine was noting that tax income was a redistribution of power from the common man to the national government. This Federalist position wou ld assure the strength of the central government over the power of the individual states.To further control the states and the people, The Alien and Sedition Act of 1798 impeded the business leader to congregate or organize any movement against the power of the Federalist government.